Endometriosis occurs when tissue similar to the lining of the uterus (endometrium) grows outside the uterus, on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, or other pelvic organs. These growths respond to hormonal changes, causing inflammation, pain, and sometimes scar tissue or adhesions.
For many women, endometriosis leads to chronic pelvic pain, painful periods, discomfort during intercourse, or digestive symptoms. In some cases, it can also interfere with ovulation or block the reproductive pathways, making it more difficult to get pregnant.